​Department of Sociology and Social Research

Panel data on municipal waste and recycling.

This study uses retrospective population data from the 2015 face-to-face multi-purpose survey by ISTAT. This survey focused on collecting data about eating habits and nutritional aspects, and it was conducted through face-to-face guided interviews with a pre-defined questionnaire. The survey aimed at Italian families; each family was selected with random criterion by the municipal registry lists, according to a statistically representative sample of the population residing in Italy. Among 45,336 interviewees (19,158 families) of all ages, we focus on participants with 6-10 years old children (2,125 interviewees) and their parents. Information is provided directly from all subjects over 14 aged; for children aged 6-10 years a parent or an adult component of the family answered the questions in proxy modality. Only a part of the items was devoted to children, differently adults answered all the various parts of the questionnaire (ISTAT 2016).

Abstract Background This paper aims to assess the presence of gender differences in medication use and mortality in a cohort of patients affected exclusively by hypertension, in 193 municipalities in the Lombardy Region (Northern Italy), including Milan's metropolitan area. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted (N = 232,507) querying administrative healthcare data and the Register of Causes of Death. Hypertensive patients (55.4% women; 44.6% men) in 2017 were identified; gender differences in medication use (treatment, 80% compliance) and deaths (from all causes and CVDs) were assessed at two-year follow-ups in logistic regression models adjusted for age class, census-based deprivation index, nationality, and pre-existing health conditions. Models stratified by age, deprivation index, and therapeutic compliance were also tested. Results Overall, women had higher odds of being treated, but lower odds of therapeutic compliance, death from all causes, and death from CVDs. All the outcomes had clear sex differences across age classes, though not between different levels of deprivation. Comparing patients with medication adherence, women had lower odds of death from all causes than men (with a narrowing protective effect as age increased), while no gender differences emerged in non-compliant patients. Conclusions Among hypertensive patients, gender differences in medication consumption and mortality have been found, but the extent to which these are attributable to a female socio-cultural disadvantage is questionable. The findings reached, with marked age-dependent effects in the outcomes investigated, suggest a prominent role for innate sex differences in biological susceptibility to the disease, whereby women would take advantage of the protective effects of their innate physiological characteristics, especially prior to the beginning of menopause.

Additional file 1: Figure A1. Adjustedpredictions (with 95% C.I.) of being treated, age*gender*deprivation interaction, at the means of nationalityand pre-existing health conditions. Figure A2. Adjusted predictions (with 95% C.I.) of being in therapeutic compliance, age*gender*deprivation interaction, at the means of nationality andpre-existing health conditions. Figure A3. Adjusted predictions (with95% C.I.) of death from all causes, age*gender*deprivation interaction, at themeans of pre-existing health conditions and therapeutic compliance. Figure A4. Adjusted predictions (with 95% C.I.) of death from CVDs, age*gender*deprivation interaction, at the means of pre-existing health conditions and therapeutic compliance. Figure A5. Adjusted predictions (with 95% C.I.) of death from all causes, age*gender*compliance interaction, at the means of deprivation index and pre-existing health conditions. Figure A6. Adjusted predictions (with95% C.I.) of death from CVDs, age*gender*compliance interaction, at the means of deprivation index and pre-existing health conditions.

Abstract Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is still present in many African countries, as well as a few others. The United Nations has targeted women’s empowerment in terms of both women’s health and gender equality as one of its Sustainable Development Goals. In this paper, we aimed to study the possible link between women’s empowerment and support for the continuation of FGM/C. We used DHS data from seven African countries and considered both the empowerment and FGM/C modules. We selected empowerment variables based on Kabeer’s conceptual framework and used multilevel logistic models to evaluate the putative role of empowerment in support for discontinuing the practice. The multilevel models highlighted the protective effect of education. Other variables, including justification of intimate partner violence (IPV) and having experienced FGM/C, were associated with FGM/C support. The relationship between decision-making and FGM/C support appears complex, while the unmet need for contraception and job conditions do not seem to play a role. Our findings confirm that some aspects of women’s empowerment (education and rejection of IPV) may enhance the discontinuation of FGM/C. However, the relationship between empowerment and support for continuation of FGM/C is complex and should not be treated as self-evident. Thus, using DHS data, we empirically support the UN’s proposal for discontinuing FGM/C through sustaining women’s empowerment.

Additional file 1. Supplementary results and consistency checks.

Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ssc-10.1177_0894439320909507 for The Gray Digital Divide in Social Networking Site Use in Europe: Results From a Quantitative Study by Emanuela Sala, Alessandra Gaia and Gabriele Cerati in Social Science Computer Review

Social networking sites (SNSs) might be important tools to contrast social exclusion in old age. However, the so-called gray digital divide (GDD) may undermine the potentialities of SNSs. Despite its relevance, there is very little research, which documented the characteristics of the digital divide in SNS use among the old-age population in Europe. Drawing on the “material access in resources and appropriation” theory developed by van Dijk, this work contributes to consolidate the body of research, documenting the nature of the GDD in SNS use in Europe and evaluating the role that older people’s categorical, personal, and positional characteristics together with ICT characteristics play in gaining access to digital technologies. We analyze data from the 2013–2016 Eurostat Community Statistics on Information Societies (CSIS) survey and perform bivariate and multilevel regression analysis. Key findings are (i) the persistence of the intergeneration digital divide in old age together with the marked cross-countries differences in SNS use across European countries and over time and (ii) the stability over old-age generations, countries, and time of the positional categories associated with SNS use in old age, providing further empirical support to van Dijk’s theory.

dataset related to the main results of the Older Adults' Risk Perception during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Lombardy Region of Italy project

Supplementary_Material_(1) for “Mom, dad, look at me”: The development of the Parental Phubbing Scale by Luca Pancani, Tiziano Gerosa, Marco Gui and Paolo Riva in Journal of Social and Personal Relationships